Basic Overview Of Alcohol Assessment

By Stacey Burt


In chemical called liqor to those organic chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) in replacing a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a carbon atom. Besides this carbon must be saturated, ie must have only single bonds to two separate atoms, one that differentiates liqor-phenols. If containing several hydroxyl groups are called polyols (alcohol assessment).

Liqors have a wide range of uses in industry and science as solvents and fuels. Ethanol and methanol can be combusted in a cleaner than gasoline or diesel manner. By low toxicity and availability for non-polar substances dissolve, ethanol is often used as a solvent in pharmaceuticals, perfumes and flavorings such as vanilla vital. Liqors frequently serve as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis.

The kit liqor can have various compositions. Ethyl liqor can be completely to 96 degrees, with an additive such as benzalkonium chloride or a substance to give an unpleasant taste. It is what is known as denatured ethyl liqor. Are also used as denaturants diethyl phthalate and methanol, which makes some toxic methylated spirits.

Other compositions: may contain isopropyl liqor, is unfit to drink, but may be more effective for use as a drying. In organic chemistry, an liqor is an organic compound having one of carbons (the latter being tetrahedral) is bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). Ethanol (or ethyl liqor) in composition of liqoric beverages is a special case of liqor, but all liqors are not suitable for consumption. In particular, methanol is toxic and lethal in high doses. When liqor is the main function, simply replace the terminal vowel "e" of corresponding alkane by the suffix -ol and indicate the number of carbon atom to which the hydroxyl is attached, although at times when it is not necessary to description, this information is omitted.

If it is not the main function, add the prefix hydroxy- preceded by the carbon atom number where the group is attached. For the conjugate base of liqor, liqorate ion, just replace the terminal vowel "e" by -olate suffix (not to be confused with the suffix -oate characteristic of carboxylate, conjugate base the carboxylic acid).

When liqor is substituent group, the hydroxy prefix is used. The diol, triol, etc. Suffixes are used, depending on the amount of OH groups. Monoliqors alkanes derivatives corresponding to general formula CnH2n plus 1OH. The liqors are typically colorless liquids with characteristic odor, soluble in water in varying proportions and less dense than it. By increasing the molecular weight, increase their melting and boiling points and may be solid at room temperature (ie the pentaerititrol melts at 260 degrees C). Unlike those derived alkanes, the hydroxyl functional group allows the molecule soluble in water due to similarity of hydroxyl group with the water molecule and allows hydrogen bonding.

There is also a group sometimes regarded as a special case of liqors called enols. This is a molecule in which hydroxyl is attached to a carbon of a double bond C equals C (again carbon bearing the -OH group is not tetrahedral). This is actually a tautomeric form of an aldehyde or ketone. The major form is usually the aldehyde or ketone, and not the enol, except in special cases where the enol form is stabilized by mesomerism as phenols.

The liqors can be produced by fermentation, including methanol from wood and ethanol from fruits and grains. The industry is resorted to only in case of ethanol to produce fuel and drinks. In other cases, liqors are synthesized from organic compounds from natural gas or oil in particular by hydration of alkenes.




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